MIP-1δ, a member of the CC chemokine family, is known for its role in regulating immune responses and inflammation. It functions as a chemoattractant for various immune cells, including monocytes, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes, by binding to its cognate receptor, CCR1. This interaction leads to the recruitment of immune cells to sites of inflammation or infection.
In addition to its chemotactic properties, MIP-1δ has been implicated in modulating immune cell activation and differentiation. It can influence the polarization of T cells towards specific effector phenotypes, such as Th1 or Th2 cells, by regulating the expression of cytokines and chemokines. MIP-1δ is also involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses and has been linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease.