Epidermal Growth Factor （EGF） is a protein that acts as a potent mitogen and stimulator of cell proliferation. EGF is a growth factor that plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and tissue repair. EGF binds to the EGF receptor （EGFR） on the cell surface, leading to the activation of downstream signaling pathways such as the MAPK/ERK pathway and the PI3K/Akt pathway. In bovine species, EGF has been studied for its effects on cell growth and development, particularly in the context of wound healing and tissue regeneration. Bovine EGF is commonly used in research and biotechnology applications to study cell signaling, proliferation, and tissue repair mechanisms.